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Citing Sources: Citing audio visual and other formats

A guide to citing sources in MLA, APA, and Chicago format.

Films and Videos

Note: Links can be either active or inactive (ask your instructor if they have a preference)

 

Motion picture (seen in theater or on DVD)

Boyle, D. (Director). (2008). Slumdog millionaire [Film]. Warner Brothers.

  • If no director is credited, use whoever is responsible for the production of the film as author.

 

TV program

Holland, S. (Writer), & Cendrowski, M. (Director). (2009). The pirate solution.

       (Part one) (Season 3, Episode 4) [TV series episode]. The big bang theory.

       Chuck Lorre Productions.

 

Streaming or online video

Pearson Foundation. (2009, June 8). Teacher education and 21st century skills

       [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/nwh6L0hLX8E

If there is no author available, use name of the Youtube channel in which the film appears.

 

TED Talk on YouTube

Ted. (2015, November). Jamila Raqib: The secret to effective nonviolent resistance

       [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/OlpqrZ8yS-Q

 

Film from a Library streaming database (see Motion Picture example above, if it is a fiction, feature film)

BBC Worldwide Learning. (2019). Battle of the exoplanets [Video]. Films on

       Demand. https://0-fod-infobase-com.library2.pima.edu/PortalPlaylists.aspx?

       wID=102587&xtid=187481

 

Items in green indicate variations in the citation based on the format.

Other Visual formats

Note: Links can be either active or inactive (ask your instructor if they have a preference)

 

Image

Ritts, H. (1988). Woman in sea, Hawaii, 1988 [Photograph].

       https://www.herbritts.com/#archive/photo/woman-in-sea-hawaii-1988/

 

Image with a photographer and date but no title

McInerney, N. (1998). [Photograph of Isabella Blow in a Philip Treacy hat].

       Bloomsbury Fashion Central. https://0-www-bloomsburyfashioncentral-

       com.library2.pima.edu/products/fashion-photography-archive/image/philip-

       treacy-fall-winter-1998-7

 

Image with no photographer, title or date

[Photograph of a baby chimpanzee]. (n.d.). BBC Two.

       https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m000d8x9 

 

Image of an artwork

Lawrence, J. (1942). Pool parlor [Painting]. The Metropolitan Museum of Art,

       New York, NY, United States. https://metmuseum.org/art/

       collection/search/488043

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Slides from a class 

Smith, A. (2020, October 4). Microclimates and biology [PowerPoint slides].

       https://d2l.pima.edu/d2l/le/content/4876258/viewContent/3907199/View

 

Track on an album

Beyoncé. (2013). Pretty hurts [Song]. On Beyoncé. Parkwood.  

 

Items in green indicate variations in the citation based on the format