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PSY 289 - Downtown - Psychology Research Methods (Bianchi): APA In-text citations

APA style, 7th ed.: In-text citations

In-text citations: Two styles

Narrative

Smith (1997) found that some newborns return smiles.

 

Parenthetical

One study found that some newborns return smiles (Smith, 1997).

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Reference

Smith, S. S. (1997). Neonate responses to smiling. Child Development Research, 88(2), 34-41. https://doi.org:xxxxxx/xxxxxxxxx

 

In-text citations

In APA Style, 7th edition, it is easy to create citations for personal authors.

1. Before you cite, always start with a properly formed reference.

2. Count the number of authors listed in the reference.

3. Form your in-text citations like this:

  • For ONE author

    • Parenthetical:     (Smith, 2007)
    • Narrative:           Smith (2007) found that . . .

  • For TWO authors

    • Parenthetical:    (Smith & Jones, 1986) 
    • Narrative:           Smith and Jones (1986) found that . . .

  • For THREE OR MORE authors

    • Parenthetical:    (Garcia et al., 2018)
    • Narrative:          Garcia et al. (2018) found that . . .